INTRO: In the process of making food, there are lots of products that just aren't fit for human consumption… hulls of oats, lower grade soybean oil, vegetable trimmings… and EVEN animals parts that can't be consumed as meat. But just like in old days where they'd be thrown to pigs as scraps, industry has found ways to recycle these massive amounts of would-be waste. And with today's high corn and grain prices, many farmers are interested in this less expensive kind of feed. Harvest Public Media's Kathleen Masterson reports.
 
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Every factory that makes food… tomato sauce, oatmeal, cereals, pasta… has some kind of waste. In large-scale bakeries sometimes loaves get burned or a batch gets misformulated.

And it's actually cheaper -- for both factories and farmers -- to re-use this would-be waste in animal feed than it is bury it in a landfill.

Often more than 50 % of livestock feed is being recycled in some way says Iowa State University animal scientist Mike Persia. (29)
 
Persia0 (07)-- Animal ag is leader in green rev -- even tho never touted that
 
Persia says one common example is the oil waste from making soybean oil, the #1 product made from soybeans.  The oil that's below human-grade gets added to livestock feed to fill the fat quotient of their diet.
 
And oftentimes the livestock industry makes use of the little things, that you might not think of, but they really add up --  like where do all those seeds go they remove from canned tomatoes?   (21)
 
Persia1 (16)--  I've done research evaluating tomato seeds – waste products of the tomato canning industry in poultry rations – so that's certainly both from poultry an dairy perspective, something that can occur –
 
The market for food production cast-offs is big enough that middleman have gotten into the business. For example, some ag companies buy bakery byproduct-- bread , dough and ,pastry SECONDS and blend it to sell to cattlemen to mix into feed.
 
Ag Partners is one Iowa company that does this, but they didn't want to say where they purchase rejected baked goods.
 
In fact, some cattlemen were wary to share details, too. Jeff Clausen manages 3-thousand cattle in two feedlots (in western Iowa) (30)
 
Clausen1 (14)-  where get bakery byproduct?  I'm a little bit sensitive about that bec it's pretty competitive, between feedlots and also dog food companies in Omaha-- they're kinda our competition.
 
Clausen says they use about 200 tons of bakery leftovers a week. It's not cheap, but he says the cost is usually about 70, or 80% the price of corn: (09)
 
Clausen2 (11)--When corn's two dollars, it's not as big adv to feed it, but when's corn's $6, 7 dollars-- everybody looking for ways to get corn out of rations,
 
In these days of high corn and grain prices, the demand for cheaper livestock food isn't lost on food manufacturers.
 
The Quaker plant in Iowa, for example, has seen an increased interest in their oat and cereal leftovers. Tom Metelman is senior director of the Cedar Rapids plant:
 
Metelman1 (13) -- Over the last few years, we've renegotiated a lot of our contracts-- to be a certain percentage of corn or oat market for example, so as the market moves, value of our byproduct moves as well.
 
That means when corn prices go up, so does the price for those mis-formulated batches of oatmeal, Captain Crunch and Life cereal . 
  
Cows and pigs munching on cereals doesn't seem too far-fetched, but even seconds from candy manufacturing make their way into animal feed.  The Hershey Company, for one, sells their leftover chocolate to Cargill.
 
But beyond carbs and calories…  there's another large source of food waste -- from meat processing.  Everything from the animal carcass that isn't consumed by humans or doesn't go into pharmaceuticals  or pet food gets RENDERED, says ISU's Mike Persia: (39)
 
Persia2 (13) -- Basically that process is like a large pressure cooker – high temp, high steam – degrade bones, degrade tissue and residual meat, fat
 
The meat, blood and bone meal -- and the fat, are then used in livestock feed.  Federal rules bar cows from eating cows, because of the risk of mad cow disease.  [But pigs can eat pigs. ]
 
What any individual farmer uses in his feed is partly based on his location and availability, or what company supplies the feed.  [Most develop specific formulas with their vet or animal nutritionist to get the right balance of nutrients.]
 
Some estimate that this kind of food recycling saves thousands OF tons from going into landfills every year.  And that's not to mention the money it can save farmers -- especially in the days of sky-high corn.
 
I'm Kathleen Masterson, Harvest Public  Media.

INTRO: In the process of making food, there are lots of products that just aren't fit for human consumption… hulls of oats, lower grade soybean oil, vegetable trimmings… and EVEN animals parts that can't be consumed as meat. But just like in old days where they'd be thrown to pigs as scraps, industry has found ways to recycle these massive amounts of would-be waste. And with today's high corn and grain prices, many farmers are interested in this less expensive kind of feed. Harvest Public Media's Kathleen Masterson reports.
 
--------------------------
Every factory that makes food… tomato sauce, oatmeal, cereals, pasta… has some kind of waste. In large-scale bakeries sometimes loaves get burned or a batch gets misformulated.

And it's actually cheaper -- for both factories and farmers -- to re-use this would-be waste in animal feed than it is bury it in a landfill.

Often more than 50 % of livestock feed is being recycled in some way says Iowa State University animal scientist Mike Persia. (29)
 
Persia0 (07)-- Animal ag is leader in green rev -- even tho never touted that
 
Persia says one common example is the oil waste from making soybean oil, the #1 product made from soybeans.  The oil that's below human-grade gets added to livestock feed to fill the fat quotient of their diet.
 
And oftentimes the livestock industry makes use of the little things, that you might not think of, but they really add up --  like where do all those seeds go they remove from canned tomatoes?   (21)
 
Persia1 (16)--  I've done research evaluating tomato seeds – waste products of the tomato canning industry in poultry rations – so that's certainly both from poultry an dairy perspective, something that can occur –
 
The market for food production cast-offs is big enough that middleman have gotten into the business. For example, some ag companies buy bakery byproduct-- bread , dough and ,pastry SECONDS and blend it to sell to cattlemen to mix into feed.
 
Ag Partners is one Iowa company that does this, but they didn't want to say where they purchase rejected baked goods.
 
In fact, some cattlemen were wary to share details, too. Jeff Clausen manages 3-thousand cattle in two feedlots (in western Iowa) (30)
 
Clausen1 (14)-  where get bakery byproduct?  I'm a little bit sensitive about that bec it's pretty competitive, between feedlots and also dog food companies in Omaha-- they're kinda our competition.
 
Clausen says they use about 200 tons of bakery leftovers a week. It's not cheap, but he says the cost is usually about 70, or 80% the price of corn: (09)
 
Clausen2 (11)--When corn's two dollars, it's not as big adv to feed it, but when's corn's $6, 7 dollars-- everybody looking for ways to get corn out of rations,
 
In these days of high corn and grain prices, the demand for cheaper livestock food isn't lost on food manufacturers.
 
The Quaker plant in Iowa, for example, has seen an increased interest in their oat and cereal leftovers. Tom Metelman is senior director of the Cedar Rapids plant:
 
Metelman1 (13) -- Over the last few years, we've renegotiated a lot of our contracts-- to be a certain percentage of corn or oat market for example, so as the market moves, value of our byproduct moves as well.
 
That means when corn prices go up, so does the price for those mis-formulated batches of oatmeal, Captain Crunch and Life cereal . 
  
Cows and pigs munching on cereals doesn't seem too far-fetched, but even seconds from candy manufacturing make their way into animal feed.  The Hershey Company, for one, sells their leftover chocolate to Cargill.
 
But beyond carbs and calories…  there's another large source of food waste -- from meat processing.  Everything from the animal carcass that isn't consumed by humans or doesn't go into pharmaceuticals  or pet food gets RENDERED, says ISU's Mike Persia: (39)
 
Persia2 (13) -- Basically that process is like a large pressure cooker – high temp, high steam – degrade bones, degrade tissue and residual meat, fat
 
The meat, blood and bone meal -- and the fat, are then used in livestock feed.  Federal rules bar cows from eating cows, because of the risk of mad cow disease.  [But pigs can eat pigs. ]
 
What any individual farmer uses in his feed is partly based on his location and availability, or what company supplies the feed.  [Most develop specific formulas with their vet or animal nutritionist to get the right balance of nutrients.]
 
Some estimate that this kind of food recycling saves thousands OF tons from going into landfills every year.  And that's not to mention the money it can save farmers -- especially in the days of sky-high corn.
 
I'm Kathleen Masterson, Harvest Public  Media.